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Threat actorCyber espionageYARA / SigmaSupply chain

APT41 / Wicked Panda: threat actor report

China-linked APT41 runs state espionage alongside financially motivated operations. The report covers the group's toolset, a PlugX analysis, case studies from aviation, gaming and healthcare, and YARA/Sigma rules.

IG-TA-APT41 03.11.2024 66 pages Report language: Turkish

Key findings

  • 01APT41 uses the same infrastructure for both espionage and financially motivated operations.
  • 02ShadowPad and ASUS ShadowHammer show the group using the software supply chain as a delivery channel.
  • 03PlugX is loaded from inside a legitimate application through DLL side-loading; the report separates the dropper and loader stages.
  • 04The aviation, gaming and healthcare cases show phishing emails and flaws in internet-facing systems as the decisive initial access paths.

Active since at least 2012, APT41 (BARIUM, Winnti, Double Dragon) targets high-tech, video game, healthcare, telecom and cryptocurrency companies. What sets the group apart from other state-linked actors is that it pursues revenue-generating work such as ransomware and in-game asset theft alongside its espionage tasking.

The report covers supply-chain operations such as ShadowPad and ASUS ShadowHammer, the identified group members, and a toolset ranging from web shells to Cobalt Strike. IoC lists and ready-to-use YARA/Sigma rules are included for detection teams.

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66 pages, in Turkish. The report opens on this page and is also emailed to you as a PDF.

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